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Exercise 3

Consider the following code:

def sum_of_squares(num1, num2):
    return square(num1) + square(num2)

print(sum_of_squares(3, 4))   # 25 (3 * 3 + 4 * 4)
print(sum_of_squares(5, 12))  # 169 (5 * 5 + 12 * 12)

Write a nested function in sum_of_squares that will make this code work as shown.

Solution

def sum_of_squares(num1, num2):
    def square(number):
        return number * number

    return square(num1) + square(num2)

print(sum_of_squares(3, 4))   # 25 (3 * 3 + 4 * 4)
print(sum_of_squares(5, 12))  # 169 (5 * 5 + 12 * 12)

In this solution, we've added a nested function to calculate the square of the number passed to it as an argument. Assuming we don't need square anyplace else in our code, we can nest it inside sum_of_squares to help keep the global scope "clean"; that is, the global scope doesn't include anything that isn't used by the top-level code.

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