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Exercise 5

Take a look at this code snippet:

let foo = 'bar';
{
  let foo = 'qux';
}

console.log(foo);

What does this program log to the console? Why?

Solution

The program logs bar.

Line 1 initializes a variable named foo with the value'bar'. Line 2 starts a block, which creates a new scope for let variables. The variable on line 1 is still visible at this point, but line 3 declares a new variable named foo that shadows (hides) the variable from line 1. This second variable gets initialized to 'qux', but it goes out of scope on line 4 when the block ends. That brings foo from line 1 back into scope, so line 6 logs its value: bar.

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