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Exercise 1

What does this code log to the console? Does executing the foo function affect the output? Why or why not?

let bar = 1;
function foo() {
  let bar = 2;
}

foo();
console.log(bar);

Solution

The code logs 1 to the console. foo doesn't affect the value assigned to bar on line 1 since JavaScript functions create an inner scope. Thus, the bar variable on line 3 is not the same as the one on line 1. In the end, foo() has no bearing on the final output.

Compare this result to the following code:

let bar = 1;
function foo() {
  bar = 2;
}

foo();
console.log(bar);

In this case, console.log would log 2 since bar on line 1 is now in scope within the function. Thus, line 3 changes the global variable bar to 2.

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