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Exercise 3

Identify the time and space complexity of your level-order traversal.

Solution

Time Complexity: O(N), where N is the number of nodes in the tree. This is because we need to visit each node exactly once.

Space Complexity: While the space complexity in binary tree problems is usually O(h), where h is the height of the tree, when we are doing a breadth-first search, we are populating the queue level by level. Therefore, the maximum queue size is not the height but the maximum width of the tree. Thus, the space complexity is O(w), where w is the maximum width of the binary tree.

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